The overall decision-making process and management of the MCCI is entrusted to a Council of 17 members, 12 of whom are elected at the Chamber's Annual General Meeting (4 in rotation each year for a mandate of 3 years), 3 delegated by their trade associations and 2 appointed by the Council for a one-year mandate. The 12 elected members come from the main sectors of the country's economy which the MCCI represents and from a series of supporting sectors, as follows:

- 4 from Industry
- 3 from Commerce
- 1 from Tourism
- 1 from Insurance
- 1 from Banking
- 1 from Transport
- 1 from Other sectors

The three associations holding a permanent seat on the Council are the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, the Indian Traders' Association, and the Mauritius Chamber of Merchants.

The Director of the Joint Economic Council (JEC) and the Director of the MEF are in attendance at meetings of the Council.

The President and the Vice-President of the Chamber are elected by the members of the Council for a one-year mandate.